Particles

حَقّو

Haggu

(حَقّو) أتعَلَّم سوداني قبل ما أسافِر السودان

Haggu at3allam suudaani gabli maa asaafir as-suudaan

I should learn sudanese before I travel to Sudan

example:

Used to indicate or affirm that something "should" or is "supposed" to happen.

لازِم

laazim

(لازِم) أشتَري بَدلَه جَديدَه لِلعِرِس.

laazim ashtari badala jadiida li l-3iris.

I have to buy a new suit for the wedding.

example:

Used to indicate the action following must be done.

مُش

mush

أنتَ مُهَندِس (مُش)؟

inta muhandis mush?

You're an engineer, right?

example:

Used to confirm a statment or a question.

ما

maa

(ما) مَشيت الجيم الليلَه.

maa masheet al-jiim al-leela.

I didn't go to the gym today.

example:

Negation particle. This word can be used before a verb or adjective to negate it.

ما

maa

نَضِّف غُرفَتَك قَبِل (ما) تَمرُق.

naDDif ghurfatak gabil maa tamrug.

Clean your (male) room before you leave.

example:

Particle used before verbs after prepositions.

يِمكِن

yimkin

(يِمكِن) هو مَشى الدُكان.

yimkin hu mashaa ad-dukaan.

He probably went to the store.

example:

This particle means "possibly" or "probably".

مُمكِن

mumkin

(مُمكِن) نَمشي الحَديقَه بُكرَه؟

mumkin namshi al-Hadiiqa bukra.

Can we go to the park tomorrow?

example:

This particle means "may" or "maybe" but can also mean "can" or "could" when used in a question.

مَفروض

mafruuD

كان (مَفروض) أسافِر اليوم.

kaan mafruuD asaafir al-yoom.

I was supposed to travel today.

example:

Used to communicate that something is "supposed" to happen.

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Study Mode

In Sudanese Arabic, the term "particles" refers to a category of words that play a grammatical role in a sentence, but do not neatly fall into a category of one of the main parts of speech. Particles are used to convey various functions such as demonstrating grammatical relationships, expressing negation or affirmation, and providing emphasis. Note that the particles "لازِم" (laazim), "يِمكِن" (yimkin), "مُمكِن" (mumkin), and "مَفروض" (mafruuD) do not have gender. Therefore, if you use them with a verb and want to indicate a past or future tense you must use the verb "كان" in the 3rd person conjugation. For example, to say "I was supposed to go" you would say "كان مَفروض أمشي" (kaan mafruuD amshi). For more information, please refer to the page on verb tenses.